Transformation of the land road system of the Karelian Isthmus and the Neva lands in the 17th century

Abstract

The article examines the transformation of the system of land roads of the Neva lands and the Karelian Isthmus during the 17th century: from the events of the Time of Troubles of Russia to the Northern War of 1700–1721. Based on the descriptions of the Vodskaya Pyatina road network of the beginning of the 16th century, as well as its subsequent development, roads on the Novgorod side of the Russian-Swedish border are presented. Based on the report of 1556, the Swedish roads of the Finnish lands and on the Karelian Isthmus are described. Based on Swedish maps of the middle of the 17th – early 18th century, as well as on the memories of foreign travelers, the changes that occurred with the land communications indicated in the names of lands after the Stolbovsky Peace Treaty of 1617 are analyzed, the main factors that influenced their development are highlighted.